“Since the United States and Israel launched their war against Iran in late February, Iran has retaliated by targeting commercial ships in the Strait of Hormuz, effectively shutting down the narrow channel of water.”

“It’s caused a global fuel crisis, even though some ships are managing to get through the strait.”

“US President Donald Trump has given Iran an ultimatum to fully reopen the waterway to oil and gas shipments, and called on NATO allies to help in the effort.”

“Iran clearly dominates the northern part of the Persian Gulf, the Strait of Hormuz and the Gulf of Oman.”

“Creating the conditions to make merchant shipping safe – or at least reduce the risk – requires a two-phase campaign.”

“The US has air power, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities to identify and destroy most of these targets.”

“Securing shipping would require a significant number of naval ships. Realistically, you’d need one or two naval ships per escort operation.”

“Iran’s economy relies on its ability to ship its own oil from Kharg Island in the Persian Gulf through the strait.”

“Iran has used different types of drones so far in the war. The uncrewed aerial craft or uncrewed surface vessels are remotely controlled and have been used to hit merchant tankers.”

“The destruction of Iran’s nuclear and ballistic missile capabilities requires significant aircraft and weaponry – as the US and Israeli bombing campaigns have already made clear.”