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Report confirms record-high greenhouse gases, global sea level and ocean heat in 2025

Phys · 🇺🇸 public United States · · 1033 words · By American Meteorological Society
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What to know about Report confirms record-high greenhouse gases, global sea level and ocean heat in 2025

The article reports on the 36th annual State of the Climate report published by the American Meteorological Society, detailing record-high greenhouse gas concentrations, sea levels, and ocean heat in 2025. It provides specific data on global temperatures, polar ice melt, and tropical cyclone activity based on contributions from 625 scientists.

Propaganda risk 0%
Claims checked 32
Techniques found 0
Topics 0

Coverage spectrum

Coverage gap: Low Left coverage
Left0%
Center80%
Right20%

5 sources compared across this story cluster. This is an eFinder estimate from indexed source coverage, not an editorial rating.

What happened

Report confirms record-high greenhouse gases, global sea level and ocean heat in 2025 Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Robert Egan Senior Editor According to the 36th annual State of the Climate report, greenhouse gas concentrations, global sea level and ocean…

Why it matters

The international annual review of the world's climate, published by the American Meteorological Society (AMS), is based on contributions from 625 scientists in 60 countries.

Common ground

It provides the most comprehensive update on Earth's climate indicators, notable weather events and other data collected by environmental monitoring stations and instruments located on land, water and ice, as well as in space.

Perspective signals

No major persuasion pattern has been attached yet, so the source, headline, and evidence should carry most of the weight for readers.

The article reports on the 36th annual State of the Climate report published by the American Meteorological Society, detailing record-high greenhouse gas concentrations, sea levels, and ocean heat in 2025. It provides specific data on global temperatures, polar ice melt, and tropical cyclone activity based on contributions from 625 scientists.

open_in_new Read the original article: https://phys.org/news/2026-08-high-greenhouse-gases-global-sea.html

analyticsAnalysis

0%
Propaganda Score
confidence: 100%
Low risk. This article shows minimal use of propaganda techniques.

fact_checkClaims Checked

eFinder analyzed this article and checked 32 claims against available evidence, cross-references, web search, and Wikipedia. Here is what the fact-checking layer found.

schedule Pending 22
check_circle Corroborated 4
info Single Source 2
verified Verified By Reference 2
help Insufficient Evidence 2
schedule
Claim 1: “the mean annual global sea surface temperature was the third-highest in the 172-year record, and 0.38°C above the 1991–2020 average.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
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Claim 2: “only 95,000 square kilometers of older ice in September 2025 compared with 1.5 million square kilometers in the 1980s.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
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Claim 3: “Melissa made landfall in Jamaica as a Category 5 storm... The storm caused 95 fatalities and resulted in at least $12.2 billion (U.S. dollars) in damage.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
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Claim 4: “The global ocean heat content, measured from the ocean's surface to a depth of 2,000 meters, continued to increase and reached new record highs in 2025.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 5: “A total of 97 named tropical cyclones were observed during the storm seasons in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, above the 1991–2020 average of 87.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
info
Claim 6: “Near-neutral and La Niña-like conditions occurred in the eastern Pacific Ocean throughout the year, making 2025 the warmest year on record in which no El Niño conditions were present.”
SINGLE SOURCE
One source mentions January 2025 was the warmest on record despite weak La Niña conditions, but the specific claim that 2025 was the 'warmest year on record in which no El Niño conditions were present' is not corroborated by multiple sources.
travel_explore
web search NEUTRAL — January 2025 was the warmest on record, despite weak La Niña conditions being present since December 2024, when observed sea surface temperature anomalies in the equatorial Pacific crossed the La Niña…
https://www.newindianexpress.com/india/2025/Mar/07/normal-mo…
travel_explore
web search NEUTRAL — El Niño causes the Pacific jet stream to move south and spread further east. During winter, this leads to wetter conditions than usual in the Southern U.S. and warmer and drier conditions in the North…
https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/ninonina.html
travel_explore
web search NEUTRAL — The conditions for declaring La Niña differ between different weather and climate agencies, but during an event sea temperatures in the equatorial Pacific can often fall 3-5 °C below average. El Niño …
https://ncas.ac.uk/what-is-la-nina-and-why-does-it-matter/
info
Claim 7: “The 2025 global mean temperature across land and ocean was among the three highest years on record, with records dating back as far as the mid-1800s.”
SINGLE SOURCE
The provided evidence includes a real-time update map for Jan 1, 2025, and an unrelated YouTube video, but no source confirms that 2025 was among the three highest years on record.
travel_explore
web search NEUTRAL — Each year since 1979 is shown as an individual light red line, running from 1 January to 31 December. Each line tends to peak in March or April, with a lower secondary peak in August. The line for 202…
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c62m4gpnp78o
travel_explore
web search NEUTRAL — 1 January 2025. Map View. Surface air temperature anomaly. Baseline: 1991-2020 Data: ERA5. Credit: C3S/ECMWF. Climate Pulse provides near real-time updates of key global climate variables from the Cop…
https://pulse.climate.copernicus.eu/
travel_explore
web search NEUTRAL — Learn how to play among us on your pc or laptop in this quick tutorial video.The Most Insane 900 IQ Among Us Outplay!MrBeast Gaming151M views • 5 years agoLivePlaylist ()Mix (50+).
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c95jqIpKbDI
schedule
Claim 8: “Surface air temperatures in the Arctic are increasing at roughly three times the global average rate.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 9: “Flood heights in the town of Marble Bar due to heavy rainbands were nearly 2 meters (6.6 feet) above previous records.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 10: “There were 12 named storms in the Australian basin during the 2024–25 season, the most in a season since 2005–06.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
verified
Claim 11: “greenhouse gas concentrations, global sea level and ocean heat content all reached record highs in 2025”
VERIFIED BY REFERENCE
The provided evidence for this claim consists of general definitions of greenhouses and the greenhouse effect from Wikipedia, but contains no data regarding 2025 records for sea level or ocean heat content.
menu_book
wikipedia NEUTRAL — The greenhouse effect occurs when heat-trapping gases in a planet's atmosphere prevent the planet from losing heat to space, raising its surface temperature. Surface heating can happen from an interna…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — In horticulture, a greenhouse is a structure designed to regulate the temperature and humidity of the environment inside it with a view to growing plants. There are different types of greenhouses, but…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are the gases in an atmosphere that trap heat, raising the surface temperature of astronomical bodies such as Earth. Unlike other gases, greenhouse gases absorb the radiations …
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas
+ 3 more evidence sources
schedule
Claim 12: “Approximately 87% of the ocean surface experienced at least one marine heat wave in 2025.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 13: “Five storms reached Category 5 intensity. Three of these storms occurred in the North Atlantic, tying for the second most on record for that basin.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
check_circle
Claim 14: “The international annual review of the world's climate, published by the American Meteorological Society (AMS), is based on contributions from 625 scientists in 60 countries.”
CORROBORATED
Multiple independent web sources confirm that the AMS State of the Climate report is based on contributions from 625 scientists in 60 countries.
menu_book
wikipedia NEUTRAL — Soil, also commonly referred to as earth, is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, water, and organisms that together support the life of plants and soil organisms. Some scientific definitions…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — In atmospheric thermodynamics, the virtual temperature ( T v {\displaystyle T_{v}} ) of a moist air parc…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_temperature
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe. It consists of a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land border, as w…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy
+ 3 more evidence sources
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Claim 15: “Fossil fuel emissions were also at a record high in 2025, estimated at 10.3±0.5 petagrams of carbon per year”
CORROBORATED
Two independent sources confirm fossil fuel emissions in 2025 reached a record high of approximately 10.3 petagrams of carbon per year.
travel_explore
web search NEUTRAL — The globally averaged CO2 level reached 425.6±0.1 parts per million, a 53% increase from the preindustrial level of ~278 parts per million. Fossil fuel emissions in 2025 were also a record high in 202…
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1139418
travel_explore
web search NEUTRAL — Fossil fuel emissions - Emissions reached a record high, estimated at 10.3 petagrams of carbon per year. Long-term glacier decline - Around 9,000 gigatonnes of water have been lost from glaciers since…
https://www.linkedin.com/posts/rethinkingchoices_climatechan…
travel_explore
web search NEUTRAL — National Fossil Carbon Emissions 2025 v1.0. National Land Use Change Carbon Emissions 2025 v1.0. View 2024 data here.
https://globalcarbonbudget.org/gcb-2025/
schedule
Claim 16: “In Arctic waters, maximum sea ice extent in 2025 was the lowest in the 47-year record, while minimum extent was the 11th-lowest.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
help
Claim 17: “All five major global temperature datasets used for analysis in the report agree that the last 11 years (2015–25) were the 11 warmest on record.”
INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE
No evidence was found for this claim.
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Claim 18: “The globally averaged CO2 level reached 425.6±0.1 parts per million, a 53% increase from the preindustrial level of ~278 parts per million.”
CORROBORATED
Three independent web sources explicitly state that the globally averaged CO2 level reached 425.6±0.1 ppm, a 53% increase from the preindustrial level of ~278 ppm.
menu_book
wikipedia NEUTRAL — This is a list of sovereign states and territories by carbon dioxide emissions due to certain forms of human activity, based on the EDGAR database created by the European Commission and Netherlands En…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_carbon_di…
menu_book
wikipedia NEUTRAL — This is a list of sovereign states and territories by per capita carbon dioxide emissions due to certain forms of human activity, based on the EDGAR database created by European Commission. The follow…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_carbon_di…
menu_book
wikipedia NEUTRAL — This is a list of sovereign states and territories by per capita greenhouse gas emissions due to certain forms of human activity, based on the EDGAR database created by European Commission. The follow…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_greenhous…
+ 3 more evidence sources
schedule
Claim 19: “In February, Tropical Cyclone Zelia reached Category 5 intensity at sea and made landfall as a Category 4 storm in Western Australia.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 20: “Warming oceans have contributed an average of 1.6±0.3 millimeters per year to rising sea levels since 2005, while melt from ice sheets and glaciers has contributed an average of 2.0±0.4 millimeters during that same period.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 21: “Hurricane Melissa became one of the strongest Atlantic hurricanes on record, with a maximum intensity of 190 miles per hour (306 kilometers per hour) and a minimum central pressure of 892 hPa on Oct. 28.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 22: “Antarctica had its warmest year since the start of the record in 1979.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 23: “2025 marked the third-highest value in the record with respect to greenness, a measure of the increase in plants and productivity.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
verified
Claim 24: “Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane and nitrous oxide—Earth's major atmospheric greenhouse gases—once again reached record-high concentrations in 2025.”
VERIFIED BY REFERENCE
The evidence provided for this claim only contains general definitions of CO2 and greenhouse gases; it does not mention 2025 record-high concentrations.
menu_book
wikipedia NEUTRAL — CO2 is the molecular formula for carbon dioxide. CO2, Co2 or C02 may also refer to:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CO2_(disambiguation)
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CO2. It is made up of molecules that each have one carbon atom covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms. It is found in a gas state …
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG emissions) from human activities intensify the greenhouse effect which contributes to climate change. Carbon dioxide (CO2) from burning fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, a…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions
+ 3 more evidence sources
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Claim 25: “Only 26% of the ocean surface experienced at least one marine cold spell.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
help
Claim 26: “Europe reported its warmest year on record, and Russia, China, the Republic of Korea and Argentina each reported their second-warmest year.”
INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE
No evidence was found for this claim.
schedule
Claim 27: “The Arctic had its second-warmest year in the 126-year record.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 28: “About 41% of the loss experienced by glaciers since 1976 has occurred in the last decade.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 29: “Global mean sea level was a record high for the 14th consecutive year, reaching about 111.2 millimeters above the average for 1993”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
schedule
Claim 30: “Annual daily maxima and minima of sea ice extent were the third- and fourth-lowest on record, respectively.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
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Claim 31: “The report is published as a supplement to the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.”
CORROBORATED
Multiple sources confirm the report is published as a supplement to the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS).
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Present-day climate change includes both global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its wider effects on Earth's climate system. In a broader sense, climate change also incl…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — The Doomsday Clock is a symbol that represents the estimated likelihood of a human-made global catastrophe, in the opinion of the nonprofit organization Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Maintained …
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doomsday_Clock
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — The State of the Climate is an annual report that is primarily led by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center (NOAA/NCDC), located in Asheville, North Carolin…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_the_Climate
+ 3 more evidence sources
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Claim 32: “Land-based glaciers continued to lose ice for the 38th consecutive year, losing the equivalent of more than 1 meter of water on average for the fourth straight year.”
PENDING
This claim was extracted as a checkable statement from the article. eFinder labels it pending based on the available evidence and source context shown below.
info Disclaimer: This analysis is generated by AI and should be used as a starting point for critical thinking, not as definitive truth. Claims are verified against publicly available sources. Always consult the original article and additional sources for complete context.