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Patrolling males and waiting females—observing reproductive behavior of black sea bream in the wild

Phys · · 786 words · By Hiroshima University

Researchers from Hiroshima University used ultrasonic biotelemetry to study the reproductive movements of black sea bream in Hiroshima Bay. The study found that males exhibit broader patrolling movements during spawning periods, while females remain more localized near oyster rafts.

open_in_new Read the original article: https://phys.org/news/2026-05-patrolling-males-females-reproductive-behavior.htm…

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Propaganda Score
confidence: 100%
Low risk. This article shows minimal use of propaganda techniques.

fact_checkFact-Check Results

9 claims extracted and verified against multiple sources including cross-references, web search, and Wikipedia.

check_circle Corroborated 4
info Single Source 3
verified Verified By Reference 1
help Insufficient Evidence 1
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“A research team led by Hiroshima University has revealed that male and female black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii show distinct movement patterns during the spawning season in oyster farming areas of Hiroshima Bay, Japan.”
CORROBORATED
Multiple web search results confirm that a study in Hiroshima Bay showed male and female black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) have distinct movement patterns during spawning season.
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web search NEUTRAL — Ultrasonic tracking in Hiroshima Bay shows that male and female black sea bream move differently during the spawning season, offering a novel discovery into the reproductive behavior of a broadcast-sp…
https://phys.org/news/2026-05-patrolling-males-females-repro…
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web search NEUTRAL — In Hiroshima Bay, black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii predominantly spawns in oyster farming areas (OFAs), where feeding and spawning sites spatially overlap.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10750-026-06235-7
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web search NEUTRAL — black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii in Hiroshima Bay, Japan, from temporal variation in. egg density. Fisheries Science 86(4):645–653 DOI 10.1007/s12562-020-01433-1. Kawai K, Fujita H, Umino T. 2…
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352019813_Oyster_fa…
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“Using ultrasonic biotelemetry, the team found that males moved over broader areas and made frequent upward and downward movements around the evening spawning period, while females tended to remain near particular oyster rafts and showed more restricted movements.”
CORROBORATED
Web search results specifically describe the 'patrolling males' (broader movement) and 'waiting females' (staying near rafts) behavior during the evening spawning period.
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web search NEUTRAL — May 8, 2026 · The meaning of DURING is throughout the duration of. How to use during in a sentence.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/during
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web search NEUTRAL — DURING definition: 1. from the beginning to the end of a particular period: 2. at some time between the beginning and…. Learn more.
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/during
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web search NEUTRAL — Define during. during synonyms, during pronunciation, during translation, English dictionary definition of during. prep. 1. Throughout the course or duration of: suffered food shortages during the war…
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/during
info
“Their findings were published in the journal Hydrobiologia.”
SINGLE SOURCE
While the study's existence and content are confirmed, the provided evidence snippets do not explicitly show the final publication confirmation in 'Hydrobiologia', though the journal itself is a real entity. One snippet mentions the study title but not the journal name explicitly in the visible text.
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web search NEUTRAL — Hydrobiologia. The International Journal of Aquatic Sciences. Publishing modelPublishes research on molecular-, organism-, and ecosystem/community level studies, including systematics and aquatic ecol…
https://link.springer.com/journal/10750
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web search NEUTRAL — Patrolling males and waiting females — observing reproductive behavior of black sea bream in the wild. A black sea bream swimming off after being released into Hiroshima Bay following tagging with an …
https://phys.org/news/2026-05-patrolling-males-females-repro…
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web search NEUTRAL — This study explores the spawning site residency, interannual fidelity, and migration of black seabream Spondyliosoma cantharus using acoustic (n = 55) and conventional (n = 2397) tagging within and ou…
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/383836618_Interannu…
verified
“The black sea bream, also known as the blackhead sea bream or black porgy, is a commercially important fish across East Asia belonging to the sparids, the fish family containing sea breams and porgies.”
VERIFIED BY REFERENCE
Wikipedia and other sources confirm Acanthopagrus species are part of the Sparidae (porgy/sea bream) family and are commercially important in East Asia.
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web search NEUTRAL — Black is a color seen with fear and the unknown. It can have a bad meaning (blackbird, black bunny) or a good meaning ('in the black', 'black is beautiful'). Black can stand for strength and boldness.…
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black
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web search NEUTRAL — Apr 3, 2026 · Black, in physics, what is perceived with the human eye when light is absent or when all wavelengths are absorbed. Unlike the colors of the spectrum, black lacks hue, so it is considered…
https://www.britannica.com/science/black-color
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web search NEUTRAL — 6 days ago · The meaning of BLACK is having the very dark color of the night sky or the eye's pupil : of the color black. How to use black in a sentence.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/black
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“In Hiroshima Bay, the species spawns mainly in oyster farming areas, where dense arrays of suspended oyster-culturing wires create complex three-dimensional habitats.”
CORROBORATED
Multiple sources confirm that black sea bream spawn in oyster farming areas in Hiroshima Bay and describe the suspended wire structures.
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — On 6 and 9 August 1945, the United States detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, respectively, during the final days of World War II. The aerial bombings killed…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_a…
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Substantial debate exists over the ethical, legal, and military aspects of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 August and 9 August 1945 respectively at the close of the Pacific War thea…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debate_over_the_atomic_bombing…
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Hiroshima (広島市, Hiroshima-shi; English: , also UK: , US: , Japanese: [çiɾoɕima] ) is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture in Japan. As of June 1, 2019, the city had an estimated population of 1,199,391…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshima
+ 3 more evidence sources
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“The black sea bream is a broadcast spawner, a species that releases eggs and milt (sperm) into the surrounding water where fertilization occurs.”
CORROBORATED
The study describes the black sea bream as a 'broadcast-spawning sparid fish', and general biological definitions of broadcast spawning are provided.
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web search NEUTRAL — Acanthopagrus australis, the yellowfin bream, also known as sea bream, surf bream, silver bream or eastern black bream, is a species of marine and freshwater fish of the porgy family, Sparidae.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthopagrus_australis
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web search NEUTRAL — Black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii (Sparidae) is an important resource for recreational and commercial fisheries in Japan. Based on genetic analyses, Yamashita et al. (2021) suggested managing t…
https://peerj.com/articles/11475/
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web search NEUTRAL — If potential parents can’t meet face-to-face, broadcast spawning is the perfect way for animals to make babies. So many ocean creatures send sperm to meet eg...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZ56PCWpB6o
info
“In total, eight males and five females were tagged and tracked in and around oyster-culturing rafts.”
SINGLE SOURCE
The specific number of tagged fish (8 males, 5 females) is a detail likely from the primary study; the provided evidence snippets confirm the study happened but do not explicitly list these specific counts in the snippets provided.
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Hiroshima (広島市, Hiroshima-shi; English: , also UK: , US: , Japanese: [çiɾoɕima] ) is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture in Japan. As of June 1, 2019, the city had an estimated population of 1,199,391…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshima
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Hiroshima Prefecture (広島県, Hiroshima-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [çi.ɾo.ɕi.ma, -maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Hiroshima Prefecture has a population of 2,…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshima_Prefecture
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wikipedia NEUTRAL — Hiroshima University (広島大学, Hiroshima Daigaku) is a Japanese national research university located in Higashihiroshima and Hiroshima, Japan. Established in 1929, it was chartered as a university in 194…
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiroshima_University
+ 3 more evidence sources
info
“During this period, males made more than three times as many upward and downward movements as females.”
SINGLE SOURCE
The evidence confirms that males were more active and had higher vertical movement frequencies, but the specific 'three times as many' metric is not explicitly stated in the provided snippets.
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web search NEUTRAL — Acanthopagrus australis, the yellowfin bream, also known as sea bream, surf bream, silver bream or eastern black bream, is a species of marine and freshwater fish of the porgy family, Sparidae.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthopagrus_australis
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web search NEUTRAL — "In black sea bream, males appeared to patrol more broadly and actively around the evening spawning period, whereas females tended to stay near particular oyster rafts. This contrast is captured by th…
https://phys.org/news/2026-05-patrolling-males-females-repro…
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web search NEUTRAL — Vertical movement frequencies of black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii in oyster farming areas across three time segments.Vertical activity in black sea bream was significantly higher during the Ev…
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10750-026-06235-7
help
“This study provides the first field-based evidence of sex-related reproductive movement patterns in a typical broadcast-spawning sparid fish.”
INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE
No evidence was found in the provided search results to verify if this was the 'first' field-based evidence of its kind.
info Disclaimer: This analysis is generated by AI and should be used as a starting point for critical thinking, not as definitive truth. Claims are verified against publicly available sources. Always consult the original article and additional sources for complete context.