“This is defined 'as the practice of disbursing large packages of financial or in-kind assistance to bail out states facing financial or economic crises,' experts wrote in a 2023 research paper on the topic. It has included help to stabilize Egypt's economy as well as financing reconstruction and aid in Syria, Lebanon and Gaza.”

“Tourism sector experts say airspace closures, especially during the holiday season of Ramadan, could lead to a loss of as much as $56 billion in visitor spending.”

“Most of the Gulf's sovereign wealth funds are healthy, he said in an emailed interview with DW: 'So I don't think at this stage the war will have a big impact on overseas investment strategies.'”

“Last year, after Trump's visit, the UAE agreed to invest $1.4 trillion there, Qatar said it would spend $1.2 trillion and the Saudis agreed to deals worth $600 billion, including a $142 billion arms package touted as the largest such deal in history.”

“During the last decade Gulf states have also spent around $100 billion (€87 billion) in Africa on projects to enhance food security and to obtain critical minerals as well as on energy transition projects.”

“Oman and Saudi Arabia still have alternative ways of getting their oil out and may eventually even benefit from rising oil prices. But Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar don't have those alternatives.”

“Britain's Financial Times newspaper quoted an anonymous source saying that three of the larger Gulf states were reviewing proposed investments in the US because of the financial strain of the war.”

“Sovereign wealth funds belonging to countries like Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait and other Gulf countries manage around $5 trillion (€4.35 trillion) worth of investments.”

“Oxford Economics concluded in a mid-March briefing, that altogether Gulf states' national income would only grow by 2.6% this year — that's 1.8% lower than originally predicted.”